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Cov kua nitrogen thiab cov kua oxygen yog ob hom kua cryogenic uas siv ntau hauv kev lag luam thiab kev tshawb fawb. Txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej cov kev siv dav dav thiab tshwj xeeb. Ob qho tib si yog tsim los ntawm kev sib cais huab cua, tab sis vim lawv cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev sib txawv, lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv hauv kev siv. Tsab xov xwm no yuav tshawb nrhiav cov kev siv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kua nitrogen thiab cov kua oxygen thiab lawv qhov sib txawv.

I. Kev Siv Cov Kua Nitrogen

Cov kua nitrogen tau los ntawm kev txias cua kom qis dua qhov kub ntawm nitrogen. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog cov pa nitrogen (N₂). Cov yam ntxwv qis ntawm cov kua nitrogen ua rau nws siv tau dav, feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

Kev khov thiab khaws cia kub tsawg

Ib qho ntawm kev siv cov kua nitrogen feem ntau yog rau kev khov thiab khaws cia hauv qhov kub qis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev kho mob biomedicine. Qhov kub ntawm cov kua nitrogen qis li -196 ° C, uas tuaj yeem khov cov ntaub so ntswg, cov hlwb, thiab cov menyuam hauv plab sai sai thiab khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev, kom ntseeg tau tias lawv ua haujlwm. Cov ntawv thov no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tshawb fawb kho mob, kev hloov pauv lub cev, thiab kev yug tsiaj sim.

Kev khov khoom noj

Hauv kev ua zaub mov, cov kua nitrogen siv rau kev khov sai ntawm cov zaub mov, xws li cov khoom noj hiav txwv, nqaij, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Kev khov kua nitrogen tuaj yeem txo qhov kub ntawm cov zaub mov sai sai, yog li txo cov dej khov ua cov pob zeb thiab tiv thaiv cov saj thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom noj.

Kev txias thiab kev ua kom txias

Cov kua nitrogen kuj tseem siv tau rau kev txias thiab tswj qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Piv txwv li, cov kua nitrogen siv tau ua cov khoom siv txias kom txo tau kev sib txhuam thiab cua sov hauv kev ua cov khoom siv kho tshuab, yog li ua kom cov txheej txheem ua tiav thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua.

Kev siv cov pa roj nitrogen: Cov kua nitrogen kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab cov pa roj nitrogen uas muaj cov khoom ntshiab tom qab ua pa, uas yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg ua cov roj tiv thaiv kom tiv thaiv cov tshuaj oxidation ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg.

II. Kev Siv Cov Pa Pa Ua Kua

Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa oxygen yog oxygen (O₂), uas kuj tau txais los ntawm kev siv tshuab sib cais tob tob. Oxygen, ua ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev txhawb nqa lub neej thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg, muaj ntau yam kev siv, feem ntau pom hauv cov hauv qab no:

Kev muab pa oxygen rau kev kho mob

Cov pa oxygen ua kua siv dav hauv tsev kho mob thiab kev kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, muab cov pa oxygen uas muaj zog heev rau cov neeg mob kom pab ua pa. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev kho mob cov kab mob ua pa, kev muab pa oxygen yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Cov pa oxygen ua kua muaj me me, muaj cov pa oxygen ntau, yooj yim rau kev khaws cia thiab kev thauj mus los, thiab yog ib hom kev muab pa oxygen kho mob uas nyiam tshaj plaws.

Cov tshuaj oxidant hauv kev lag luam

Cov pa oxygen uas ua los ntawm kua feem ntau siv los ua cov tshuaj oxidant hauv kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev smelting hlau thiab kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg. Cov pa oxygen uas ua los ntawm kua siv tau los pab kev kub hnyiab, ua kom qhov kub hnyiab thiab ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua haujlwm tau zoo dua. Piv txwv li, hauv cov txheej txheem ua hlau, cov pa oxygen raug txhaj rau hauv cov dej hlau uas yaj kom tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv thiab txhim kho qhov huv ntawm hlau.

Kev tsav tsheb hauv aerospace thiab rocket

Cov pa oxygen ua kua yog cov roj pab uas siv ntau hauv cov tshuab foob pob hluav taws, sib xyaw nrog cov roj ua kua (xws li cov hydrogen ua kua) rau kev hlawv, tsim lub zog siab heev los thawb cov foob pob hluav taws mus rau hauv qhov chaw. Nws cov yam ntxwv zoo heev ntawm kev hlawv ua rau cov pa oxygen ua lub zog tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam aerospace.

III. Qhov sib txawv ntawm Liquid Nitrogen thiab Liquid Oxygen

Txawm hais tias kev siv cov kua nitrogen thiab cov kua oxygen sib txawv, lawv muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv qhov xwm txheej thiab kev siv. Tshwj xeeb:

1. Cov khoom xyaw: Cov kua nitrogen muaj cov pa nitrogen (N₂), thaum cov pa oxygen muaj cov pa oxygen (O₂).

2. Qhov Ceev: Cov kua nitrogen muaj qhov ceev dua li cov kua oxygen.

3. Lub ntsiab lus kub: Cov pa oxygen ua kua muaj lub ntsiab lus kub qis dua li cov pa oxygen ua kua.

4. Kev Siv: Cov kua nitrogen feem ntau siv rau kev khov thiab kev khaws cia, thaum cov kua oxygen feem ntau yog siv ua cov tshuaj oxidant thiab cov roj propellant. Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg

Cov kua nitrogen yog qhov tsis muaj zog, nrog rau cov qauv molecular ruaj khov heev uas ua rau nws tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj. Cov yam ntxwv no tso cai rau nws siv ua cov roj tiv thaiv thiab siv rau hauv ntau cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev lag luam. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov kua oxygen yog cov oxidizer muaj zog nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siab, thiab nws yooj yim rau kev cuam tshuam oxidation nrog lwm yam tshuaj, ua rau nws siv dav hauv kev sib xyaw thiab cov txheej txheem oxidation.

Cov yam ntxwv kub

Lub ntsiab lus kub ntawm cov kua nitrogen qis dua li cov kua oxygen (kua nitrogen -196 ° C, kua oxygen -183 ° C), ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev txias thiab khaws cia ntawm qhov kub qis dua. Txawm hais tias cov kua oxygen kuj yog ib feem ntawm cov kua cryogenic, nws qhov kev ua haujlwm kub qis tsis zoo li cov kua nitrogen. Yog li ntawd, cov kua oxygen feem ntau siv rau kev sib xyaw thiab oxidation es tsis yog kev khaws cia cryogenic. Kev Nyab Xeeb

Cov kua nitrogen muaj kev nyab xeeb siv vim nws tsis yooj yim rau kev ua tshuaj lom neeg. Cov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb yog kev raug mob txias los ntawm qhov kub qis thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov pa oxygen hauv qhov chaw, uas yuav ua rau asphyxiation. Thaum cov kua oxygen, ua tus oxidizer, yuav tsum tau khaws cia deb ntawm cov khoom yooj yim xws li roj kom tiv thaiv kev kub hnyiab thiab kev tawg. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau ceev faj ntau dua thaum siv.

Cov kua nitrogen thiab cov kua oxygen yog ob yam kua tseem ceeb uas kub qis. Txawm hais tias lawv ob leeg tsim los ntawm kev sib cais huab cua, vim lawv cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev, lawv cov teb siv muaj ntau lub hom phiaj sib txawv. Cov kua nitrogen, nrog nws qhov tsis muaj zog thiab cov yam ntxwv kub qis, yog siv dav hauv kev khaws cia khov, kev ua zaub mov, thiab kev txias hauv kev lag luam, thiab lwm yam. Thaum cov kua oxygen, uas vam khom nws cov khoom oxidizing, feem ntau yog siv rau kev muab cov pa oxygen kho mob, kev oxidation hauv kev lag luam, thiab kev tsav dav hlau, thiab lwm yam. Hauv kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag, kev siv cov kua nitrogen thiab cov kua oxygen yuav tsum tau xav txog lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab kev nyab xeeb kom ntseeg tau tias lawv siv tau zoo.

Peb yog cov chaw tsim khoom thiab xa tawm ntawm chav cais cua. Yog tias koj xav paub ntau ntxiv txog peb:

Tus neeg tiv tauj: Anna

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